Author

admin

Browsing

Investing in rare earth minerals can seem tricky, but there are a variety of rare earth stocks and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) available for metals investors.

The rare earth sector may seem daunting, as many elements fall under the umbrella, and the 17 rare earth elements (REEs) are as diverse as they are challenging to pronounce.

The group is made up of 15 lanthanides, plus yttrium and scandium, and each element has different applications, pricing and supply and demand dynamics. Sound complicated? While the REE space is undeniably complex, many investors find it compelling and are interested in finding ways to get a foot in the door.

Read on for a more in-depth look at the rare earth metals market and the many different types of rare earth minerals, plus rare earth stocks and ETFs you can invest in.

In this article

    What are the types of rare earth minerals?

    There are a number of ways to categorize and better understand rare earths, which will help you know which companies to invest in based on what they’re targeting.

    For example, they are often divided into “heavy” and “light” categories based on atomic weight. Heavy rare earths are generally more sought after, but light REEs are important too.

    Rare earths can also be grouped together according to how they are used. Rare earth magnets include praseodymium, neodymium, samarium and dysprosium, while phosphor rare earths — those used in lighting — include europium, terbium and yttrium. Cerium, lanthanum and gadolinium are sometimes included in the phosphor category as well. For a detailed breakdown of rare earth uses, check out our guide.

    One aspect that is common to all the rare earths is that price information is not readily available — like other critical metals, rare earth materials are not traded on a public exchange. That said, some research firms do make pricing details available, usually for a fee, including Strategic Metals Invest, Fastmarkets and SMM.

    What factors affect supply and demand for rare earths?

    As mentioned, each REE has different pricing and supply and demand dynamics.

    However, there are definitely overarching supply and demand trends in the sector. Most notably, China accounts for the vast majority of the world’s supply of rare earth metals. As the world’s leading producer, the Asian nation accounted for roughly 70 percent of rare earths production in 2024, or 270,000 metric tons (MT), with the US coming in a very distant second at 45,000 MT. After the US, Myanmar is the third largest rare earths producer with total output of 31,000 MT last year. On top of that, China is also responsible for 90 percent of refined rare earths output.

    The strong Chinese monopoly on rare earths production has created problems in the sector in the past. For instance, prices in the global market spiked in 2010 and 2011 when the country imposed export quotas.

    The move sparked a boom in global rare earth metals exploration outside of China, but many companies that entered the space at that time fell off the radar when rare earths prices eventually sank again. Molycorp, once North America’s only producer of rare earths, is a notable example of how hard it is for companies to set up shop outside China. It filed for bankruptcy in 2015. But the story didn’t end there — MP Materials (NYSE:MP), the company that now owns Molycorp’s assets, went public in mid-2020 in a US$1.47 billion deal, and a year later was a US$6 billion company.

    MP Materials is now the western hemisphere’s largest rare earths miner, putting out high-purity separated neodymium and praseodymium oxide; a heavy rare earths concentrate; and lanthanum and cerium oxides and carbonates.

    Concerns about China’s dominance are ongoing as the US/China trade war continues and as supply chain stability grows in importance. The Asian nation has tightly controlled how much of its rare earths products make it into global markets through a quota system initiated in 2006.

    US President Donald Trump’s high tariffs targeting Chinese goods has resulted in China enacting further rare earth export restrictions. In April 2025, the Government of China placed strict export controls on samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium — all crucial for the production of electric vehicles, smartphones, fighter jets, missiles and satellites.

    Sharing a border with China, Myanmar is the source of at least 70 percent of its neighbor’s medium to heavy rare earths feedstock. With that in mind, it’s not surprising that a temporary halt in Myanmar’s production in late summer of 2023 sent rare earths prices to their highest level in 20 months, as per OilPrice.com.

    Myanmar’s rare earths production experienced further disruptions in late 2024 as the Kachin Independence Army seized two towns in Kachin state, near China’s Yunnan province, that are critical suppliers of rare earth oxides to China.

    Outside of China, one of the world’s leading rare earths producers is Australian company Lynas (ASX:LYC,OTC Pink:LYSCF), which sends mined material for refining and processing at its plant in Malaysia. In 2023, Japan Australia Rare Earths, a joint venture between the Japan Organization for Metals and Energy Security and Sojitz (TSE:2768), inked an agreement to invest AU$200 million in the production and supply of heavy rare earths from Lynas.

    This has allowed the mining company to expand its light rare earths production and begin production of heavy rare earths. Lynas brought its large-scale downstream Kalgoorlie rare earths processing facility online in November 2024. According to its H1 2025 fiscal year results, the company’s neodymium and praseodymium (NdPr) production volume increased by 22 percent.

    In the US, MP Materials is making good use of US$58.5 million awarded in April to support construction of the first fully integrated rare earth magnet manufacturing facility in the US. The funding is part of the Section 48C Advanced Energy Project tax credit granted by the Internal Revenue Service, Department of Treasury and Department of Energy.

    The Fort Worth, Texas, magnet facility began producing the NdFeB magnets crucial for EVs, wind turbines and defense systems at the start of 2025. First commercial deliveries are expected by the end of the year.

    Looking at demand, many analysts believe the need for rare earths is set to boom on accelerating growth from top end-use categories, including the electric vehicle market and other high-tech applications.

    As an example, demand for dysprosium, a key material in steel manufacturing and the production of lasers, has grown as countries increase their steel standards. Aside from that, rare earths have long been used in televisions and rechargeable batteries, two industries that accounted for much demand before the proliferation of new technologies. Other rare earth metals can be found in wind turbines, aluminum production, catalytic converters and many high-tech products.

    As can be seen, securing rare earths supply is an increasingly important issue. In addition to traditional rare earths mining, there has been growth in the rare earths recycling industry, which aims to recover REE raw materials from electronics and high-tech products in order to reuse them in new ways.

    Exploring and extracting rare earth materials from deep-sea mud is one of the newest recovery methods, although deep sea mining of mud and nodules comes with significant environmental concerns. However, it is gaining traction as more mining companies look offshore for resources and US President Trump pushes for fast tracking of deep-sea mining permits.

    How to invest in rare earth minerals

    Investors are increasingly wondering how they can invest in rare earth metals as demand ramps up and the US-China trade war has caused further concerns about rare earth supply chains. The possibility of higher rare earth prices in the coming years is one of the catalysts for investors wondering how they can invest in rare earths. As it’s not possible to buy physical rare earth metals, the most direct way to invest in the rare earth market is through mining and exploration companies.

    Investing in rare earth stocks

    While many rare earth minerals companies are located in China and are not publicly traded, there are a variety of rare earth companies listed on US, Canadian and Australian stock exchanges.

    Below is a selection of companies with rare earths assets or operations trading on the NYSE, NASDAQ, TSX and ASX; all had market caps of over $500 million as of April 22, 2025.

      Small-cap REE companies are also listed on those exchanges.

      Here’s a hefty list of junior rare earths stock and companies with rare earths projects. The rare earths stocks on this list had market caps between $5 million and $500 million as of April 22, 2025:

        To learn more about investing in rare earths, check out our stocks lists on the 9 Biggest Rare Earth Stocks in the US, Canada and Australia, Top Canadian Rare Earths Stocks, and the 5 Biggest ASX Rare Earth Stocks.

        Investing in rare earth ETFs

        Rare earth exchange-trade funds (ETFs) offer investors a diversified position in this market space, mitigating the risks of investing in specific companies.

              Securities Disclosure: I, Melissa Pistilli, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

              Keep reading…Show less
              This post appeared first on investingnews.com

              Multiple major airlines are avoiding flying over Pakistan as relations with neighbor India crater in the wake of a recent tourist massacre, the latest geopolitical flashpoint to disrupt global travel.

              The airline is “adapting its flight schedule and flight plans to and from certain destinations,” the French flag carrier said, adding some routes will require longer flight times.

              “Air France is constantly monitoring developments in the geopolitical situation of the territories served and overflown by its aircraft in order to ensure the highest level of flight safety and security,” Air France said.

              Germany’s flag carrier Lufthansa also confirmed to Reuters that it was “avoiding Pakistani airspace until further notice.”

              The travel disruptions come two weeks after militants massacred 26 civilians, mostly tourists, in the mountainous town of Pahalgam in Indian-administered Kashmir, a rampage that has sparked widespread outrage.

              India was quick to place blame for the assault on Pakistan, which it has long accused of harboring militant groups. Pakistan denied involvement, and tensions have mounted since with a series of escalatory tit-for-tat moves between the two neighbors.

              Both sides had already closed their airspaces to each other’s aircraft since the attack, but the increased tensions are now impacting other international airlines and will likely cost them as they burn extra fuel taking longer routes.

              Airlines have already had to be cautious about other key flashpoints in recent years, including the Middle East and areas close to the Ukraine-Russia front lines.

              Flight-tracking data showed some flights of British Airways, Swiss International Air Lines and Emirates traveling over the Arabian Sea and then turning north toward Delhi in order to avoid Pakistani airspace, Reuters reported.

              Kashmir, one of the world’s most dangerous flashpoints, is controlled in part by India and Pakistan but both countries claim it in its entirety. The two nuclear-armed rivals have fought three wars over the mountainous territory that is now divided by a de-facto border called the Line of Control (LOC) since their independence from Britain nearly 80 years ago.

              In the wake of the tourist massacre, India and Pakistan have been flexing their military muscle, putting both countries on edge.

              Pakistan on Monday carried out a second missile test in three days, Reuters reported.

              The Pakistani army said the missile tested was a Fatah series surface-to-surface missile with a range of 120 kilometers (75 miles), according to Reuters. It came two days after the successful launch of a surface-to-surface ballistic missile.

              India has also ordered all its states and union territories to carry out mock security drills on Wednesday.

              It comes days after India’s navy said it had carried out test missile strikes to “revalidate and demonstrate readiness of platforms, systems and crew for long range precision offensive strike.”

              Tensions have ramped up despite the United States and China – two major global players – urging restraint.

              The United Nations Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, on Monday also urged both India and Pakistan to “avoid a military confrontation that could easily spin out of control.”

              “Make no mistake: A military solution is no solution,” he added.

              This post appeared first on cnn.com

              All mobile phone signals will be deactivated in the Vatican on Wednesday ahead of the highly secretive conclave to elect the next pope, Italian state media reported.

              The Vatican also plans to use signal jammers around the Sistine Chapel to prevent electronic surveillance or communication outside the conclave that will see 133 cardinals vote on who will succeed Pope Francis and lead the world’s 1.4 billion Catholics, Italian news agency ANSA reported.

              Phone signal will be cut off at 3 p.m. local time (9 a.m. ET) on Wednesday, an hour and a half before the cardinals are scheduled to proceed to the Sistine Chapel to begin the papal conclave, Italian state broadcaster RAI reported on Monday.

              All 133 cardinals who will vote to elect Francis’ successor have already arrived in Rome, the Vatican confirmed on Monday.

              For centuries, the leader of the Catholic Church has been chosen in a highly secretive gathering known as “conclave,” meaning “with key” in Latin – a nod to how cardinals used to be locked in until a new pope was selected. Cardinals tasked with picking the next pontiff follow an elaborate process with roots in the Middle Ages.

              The cardinals will have to give up their phones and all electronic devices starting Tuesday and will only get their devices back once the conclave has ended, a Vatican spokesman said.

              The cardinals will all be shut in the Sistine Chapel and locked away from the outside world from Wednesday. All of the cardinals taking part in the conclave will be in complete isolation and will take a vow to observe “absolute and perpetual secrecy”.

              The signal deactivation will not affect St Peter’s Square, where the public often gather, according to the spokesman. But security has been ramped up throughout St Peter’s Square, with checkpoints at the entrances and the deployment of metal detectors and anti-drone systems at the public space, according to news outlet Corriere della Sera.

              The Sistine Chapel is placed under total lockdown during conclave to guarantee complete secrecy. In 2013, during the conclave that elected Francis, signal blockers were also installed to prevent any calls, texts, or internet access.

              Even the electricians, plumbers and elevator operators who will keep the Vatican running during the conclave will commit themselves to secrecy.

              “They all take an oath and will be in full-time service, staying overnight in the Vatican, without having contact with their families,” according to a statement from the Vatican City State Governorate.

              This post appeared first on cnn.com

              Japan’s Emperor Emeritus Akihito will be admitted to hospital for heart tests on Tuesday, public broadcaster NHK reported, citing the Imperial Household Agency.

              Akihito, 91, who is retired, is the father of Emperor Naruhito. He abdicated from the Chrysanthemum Throne in 2019, seven years after he had heart bypass surgery.

              The former emperor will undergo tests at the University of Tokyo Hospital after signs of myocardial ischemia were found during a regular checkup last month, NHK reported, citing the Imperial Household Agency. The condition reduces blood flow to the heart muscle.

              Akihito, who ascended to the throne after his father, Hirohito, died in 1989, became the first Japanese monarch in 200 years to abdicate his post.

              He cited health reasons for standing down, having undergone heart surgery and been treated for prostate cancer in the years preceding his abdication.

              A man prepared to break with tradition, Akihito was the first Japanese emperor to marry a commoner, speak to his subjects live on television, and be hands-on in raising his children.

              The emperor is a ceremonial but revered figure in Japan’s constitutional monarchy. It is the oldest hereditary monarchy in the world, dating back 14 centuries.

              This post appeared first on cnn.com

              AngloGold Ashanti (NYSE:AU,JSE:ANG)has agreed to sell its interests in two Côte d’Ivoire gold projects to Resolute Mining (ASX:RSG,LSE:RSG) as it hones its focus on its US operating and development assets.

              The company said on April 30 that it will sell the Doropo and Archean-Birimian Contact (ABC) projects, both owned by Centamin West Africa Holdings, to Resolute for US$175 million and US$10 million, respectively.

              AngloGold acquired an indirect interest in the projects when it acquired Centamin in November 2024.

              “This transaction ensures we maintain our focus on disciplined capital allocation and driving efficiencies from our existing portfolio,” said AngloGold Ashanti CEO Alberto Calderon. “It also ensures these projects are in good hands.”

              AngloGold said it performed a company review and determined that selling the properties to a company with the requisite operational focus and financial capacity would be the best way to maximize value.

              Resolute’s focus on Africa made the divestment easier, with the sale having no conditions. The company has producing gold mines in Mali and Senegal, as well as exploration properties in Mali, Senegal and Guinea.

              In November 2024, Resolute CEO Terence Holohan and two company executives were detained in Mali due to claims that the company owed US$162 million in back taxes. They were released later that month.

              The company agreed to a settlement of US$160 million, split into three payments: an initial US$80 million, a second payment of approximately US$50 million and a final payment of about US$30 million completed on December 31, 2024.

              In connection with the sale of its Côte d’Ivoire projects, AngloGold will acquire Toro Gold Guinée Sarlu from Resolute. It owns the titles to the Guinea-based Mansala project, which is adjacent to AngloGold’s Siguiri operations.

              This acquisition is subject to several conditions, including the renewal of project permits and approval from the Guinea government. If conditions aren’t satisfied within 18 months of the sale’s completion, the acquisition will lapse.

              Resolute’s new Côte d’Ivoire projects

              The sale of Doropo and ABC went through on May 30, and they now belong to Resolute.

              Doropo is in Northeastern Côte d’I’voire, and is comprised of seven exploration permits covering about 1,850 square kilometers. The licence covers 13 gold deposits, 11 of which are concentrated within a 7 kilometer radius.

              A definitive feasibility study for Doropo was completed in 2024. It has received regulatory approval for its environmental and social impact assessment, with the environmental permit awarded in June 2024.

              ABC is an exploration project consisting of three permits. It is situated 460 kilometers west of the Doropo project and covers a highly prospective area of 1,143 square kilometers along the underexplored contact zone between the Archean and Birimian cratons. Exploration at ABC has delineated the Lolosso gold corridor, a north-south trending gold-mineralized corridor, over a 30 kilometer strike length within the Kona permit.

              Securities Disclosure: I, Gabrielle de la Cruz, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

              Keep reading…Show less
              This post appeared first on investingnews.com

              General Motors’ (GM) (NYSE:GM) decision to cut a third shift at its Oshawa, Ontario, assembly plant this fall has ignited a political and labor firestorm in Canada, with hundreds of workers impacted.

              Unifor, the country’s largest private sector union, issued an urgent call for action this past Friday (May 2) after GM confirmed it will be transitioning the plant to a two-shift operation. The automaker attributed the decision to evolving market conditions, including the 25 percent tariff the US imposed on Canadian-made vehicles in March.

              GM spokesperson Marie Binette acknowledged in an email cited by CBC that the restructuring will “impact approximately 700 workers,” though she stopped short of calling the job losses layoffs.

              “We are committed to supporting employees through the transition,” she said.

              Unifor sees the move as a betrayal of Canadian workers and taxpayers, who helped revive the Oshawa facility after it was shuttered in 2019. The plant, which builds light- and heavy-duty Chevrolet Silverado pickup trucks for North America, reopened in 2021 with the help of significant public investment and union-backed production deals.

              “GM Oshawa was reopened thanks to the hard work of our members and significant investments by the federal and provincial governments based on a promise to maintain good jobs and production,” said Chris Waugh, Unifor’s plant chairperson in Oshawa, in Friday’s release. “We will not sit idly by as that promise is eroded one shift at a time.”

              Lana Payne, national president at Unifor, also weighed in, commenting, “We will not allow GM to barter Canadian jobs to gain Donald Trump’s favor. Cutting the third shift at Oshawa Assembly is a reckless decision that deals a direct blow to our members and threatens to ripple through the entire auto parts supplier network.”

              The timing of GM’s announcement — just days before Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney is set to meet Trump in Washington — has further fueled tensions between the company and Unifor.

              “The Trump tariffs are designed to crush Canadian production,” Payne added.

              “But GM doesn’t get a free pass to abandon its commitments, and the US doesn’t get to free ride in Canada. Canadians invested millions to revive this plant. Cutting jobs now has consequences. The company has six months to fix this.”

              Mounting economic pressure

              The layoffs in Oshawa are only the tip of the iceberg. Jeff Gray, president of Unifor Local 222, said another 1,500 jobs in the broader supply chain could be affected by the shift cut.

              The union is urging the Canadian government to immediately review GM’s status under the country’s tariff remission framework — a system that grants tariff relief to companies on a conditional basis.

              “If GM wants to sell in Canada, they need to build in Canada,” said Payne. “That message must be loud and clear.”

              A recent report by Ontario’s Financial Accountability Office (FAO) estimates that US tariffs and Canada’s retaliatory measures could cost Ontario 68,100 jobs this year — most of them in manufacturing and related supply chains.

              The FAO warns that job losses could balloon to nearly 138,000 by 2029 if trade tensions persist.

              The same report predicts a “modest recession” in Ontario in 2025, with the province’s GDP growth cut in half and unemployment rising by 1.1 percent. Primary metal and motor vehicle parts industries are expected to be hit hardest.

              Ontario Premier Doug Ford also weighed in, calling the GM layoffs “extremely tough” in an X statement.

              “These are hardworking people who have helped build Ontario’s auto industry,” Ford said. “We will continue doing everything we can to support a strong future for the facility and its workers.”

              Under its collective agreement with Unifor, GM is obligated to meet with the union in the coming weeks to explore options to prevent or mitigate job losses in Oshawa. The union also plans to seek clarification on potential downstream effects, particularly at the St. Catharines powertrain plant, which supplies engines to Oshawa.

              GM, which was Canada’s top-selling automaker in 2024 and retained that lead in Q1 2025, plans to refocus Oshawa production on Canadian truck sales, reducing exports to the US amid the tariff headwinds.

              Securities Disclosure: I, Giann Liguid, hold no direct investment interest in any company mentioned in this article.

              Keep reading…Show less
              This post appeared first on investingnews.com